Around the estuary a saltmarsh has developed which is a zone of high productivity of polychaetes, molluscs and crustaceans, is an important breeding area for various fish species. However, it is the water birds which give the Tagus estuary its international importance. The flocks of wintering species reach up to about 120,000 individuals. The counts regularly carried out in this protected area during the winter show more than 10,000 ducks and 50,000 shorebirds. In the case of the pied avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta), up to 25% of the population wintering in Europe has been counted on the Tagus Estuary.
The many other species present attest to the biological richness and value for nature conservation in this region:
the greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus),
greylag goose (Anser anser),
the dunlin (Calidris alpina),
black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa),
hen harrier (Circus cyaneus),
osprey (Pandion haliaetus),
bluethroat (Luscina svecica),
common firecrest (Regulus ignicapillus)
Eurasian penduline tit (Remiz pendulinus).[citation needed]
In the wetlands around the estuary nesting birds include red-crested pochard (Netta rufina), little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus), little egret (Egretta garzetta) and purple heron (Ardea purpurea), marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus], Montagu’s harrier (Circus pyagurgus), black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus), collared pratincole (Glareola pratincola) and little tern (Sternula albifrons). While the associated redbeds contain great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus), Savi’s warbler (Locustella luscinioides) and other warblers. The nearby fields have stone-curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus) and calandra lark (Melanocorypha calandra) breed on adjacent farmland. Little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) occurs all year but is more numerous in winter. Raptors which may be seen over the fields include black-winged kite (Elanus caeruleus), short-toed eagle (Circaetus gallicus) and booted eagle (Aquila pennatus).
Nearby patches of woodland hold short-toed treecreeper (Certhia brachydactyla), European nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus), red-necked nightjar (Caprimulgus ruficollis), Iberian magpie (Cyanopica cooki) and many passerines.
During the Spring and Autumn many species stopover on the Tagus during their migration these include curlew sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea) in large numbers with many other shorebirds in smaller numbers, common redshank (Tringa totanus) and black-tailed godwits reach their peak numbers during migration too. Other migrants which may be seen include Eurasian spoonbill (Platalea alba), Mediterranean gull (Larus melanocephalus) and black tern (Chlidonias niger) and many passerines.[3]
Certainly! The **Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve** is a remarkable area close to Lisbon, Portugal. Let me share some interesting details about it:
– **Location**: The Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve, also known as *Reserva Natural do Estuário do Tejo*, lies on the south bank of the Tagus River. It’s surprising to find such a vast nature reserve right on the city’s doorstep! The reserve encompasses the **largest wetlands in Portugal** and covers approximately **14,192 hectares**³.
– **Habitat**: Within this protected area, you’ll discover extensive estuarine waters, mudflats, marshes, salt flats, and alluvial agricultural land. These diverse habitats provide a sanctuary for various species of fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and especially **birds**. In fact, more than **120,000 aquatic birds** (representing around 200 species) visit the estuary. Some notable bird species include purple herons, flamingos, and ducks, which stop over during their migration from northern Europe to Africa².
– **Birdwatching**: Birdwatchers will be delighted by the abundance of avian life. Flamingos, in particular, arrive in the thousands during autumn, creating a visually poetic spectacle. Other bird species, such as egrets and eagles, can be observed along the riverside in Alcochete. It’s a lovely place to explore and appreciate nature while walking along the south bank of the Tagus River¹.
Next time you’re in Lisbon, consider visiting this natural treasure—the Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve—for an unforgettable experience!
Bron: Gesprek met Copilot 02/06/2024
(1) Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagus_Estuary_Natural_Reserve.
(2) Natural heritage of the Tagus estuary – Tagus Route | Visit Lisboa. https://www.visitlisboa.com/en/lisbon-stories/tagus-route-15/natural-heritage-of-the-tagus-estuary-27.
(3) Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve | Visit Lisboa. https://www.visitlisboa.com/en/places/tagus-estuary-natural-reserve.
Certainly! The **Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve** is teeming with diverse wildlife. Here are some of the fascinating species you might encounter:
1. **Birds**: As mentioned earlier, the estuary is a haven for birdwatchers. You’ll spot a variety of waterfowl, waders, and migratory birds. Some notable species include:
– **Flamingos**: These elegant pink birds gather in large flocks during autumn, creating a stunning sight against the water.
– **Purple Herons**: With their striking plumage, purple herons are often seen wading in the shallow waters.
– **Ducks**: Various duck species, such as mallards and teal, find refuge here during their migrations.
– **Eagles and Kites**: Keep an eye out for raptors like the marsh harrier and the booted eagle.
2. **Fish and Invertebrates**: Beneath the water’s surface, you’ll find an array of aquatic life:
– **Fish**: The estuary supports several fish species, including mullets, eels, and sea bass.
– **Crustaceans**: Crabs and shrimps thrive in the brackish waters.
– **Mollusks**: Bivalves and gastropods play a crucial role in the ecosystem.
3. **Plants and Vegetation**:
– **Salt Marshes**: These are essential habitats within the reserve. Salt-tolerant plants like glassworts and cordgrasses grow here.
– **Reed Beds**: Reed beds provide shelter for birds and other wildlife. Look for reed warblers and bearded tits.
4. **Mammals**:
– While not as abundant as birds, some mammals inhabit the area. Keep an eye out for European rabbits, foxes, and even the elusive otter.
Remember to bring your binoculars and enjoy exploring this unique natural reserve!
Certainly! The **Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve** is home to several species, some of which are considered **endangered**. Let’s explore a few of them:
1. **Iberian Lynx (*Lynx pardinus*)**:
– The Iberian lynx is one of the rarest wild cats in the world. It inhabits the Iberian Peninsula, including parts of Portugal and Spain.
– In the Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve, efforts are being made to protect its habitat and promote its survival. The reserve provides suitable conditions for the lynx’s prey, such as rabbits and other small mammals.
2. **White Stork (*Ciconia ciconia*)**:
– While not critically endangered, the white stork is still a species of concern. It relies on wetlands and open areas for nesting and foraging.
– The Tagus Estuary provides an essential stopover point during its migration between Europe and Africa. Conservation efforts here benefit the stork population.
3. **Eurasian Otter (*Lutra lutra*)**:
– Otters are semi-aquatic mammals that depend on clean waterways and abundant fish.
– The Tagus Estuary’s marshes and freshwater habitats support otter populations. Ensuring water quality and protecting their habitats are crucial for their survival.
4. **Common Tern (*Sterna hirundo*)**:
– Although not globally endangered, the common tern faces threats due to habitat loss and disturbance.
– The estuary’s mudflats and sandbanks serve as breeding grounds for these elegant seabirds. Conservation efforts help maintain their nesting sites.
Remember that conservation efforts play a vital role in protecting these species and maintaining the delicate balance of the ecosystem.
Certainly! Visitors can play a crucial role in **conservation efforts** within the **Tagus Estuary Natural Reserve**. Here are some ways they can contribute:
1. **Responsible Behavior**:
– **Stay on Marked Trails**: Avoid disturbing sensitive habitats. Stick to designated paths to prevent trampling on fragile vegetation or disturbing wildlife.
– **No Littering**: Dispose of trash properly. Litter can harm animals and degrade the environment.
2. **Educate Themselves**:
– **Learn About the Ecosystem**: Understand the unique features of the estuary, its flora, fauna, and ecological importance.
– **Attend Guided Tours**: Participate in guided tours led by knowledgeable naturalists. These tours provide insights into the reserve’s biodiversity and conservation efforts.
3. **Birdwatching Etiquette**:
– **Use Binoculars and Telephoto Lenses**: Observe birds from a distance to avoid disturbing nesting sites.
– **Quiet Observation**: Keep noise levels low to prevent startling birds.
4. **Report Sightings**:
– If visitors spot rare or endangered species, they should report their sightings to reserve staff or local conservation organizations. This information helps monitor populations and habitat health.
5. **Volunteer Opportunities**:
– Some reserves offer volunteer programs. Visitors can participate in habitat restoration, bird surveys, or educational activities.
– Volunteering directly contributes to conservation efforts.
6. **Support Conservation Organizations**:
– **Donate**: Support local conservation groups working to protect the estuary.
– **Advocate**: Encourage policies and practices that benefit the environment.
Remember, every small effort counts! By respecting the reserve and actively participating in its conservation, visitors contribute to preserving this natural treasure for future generations.
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